Browse cases by category
- Attorneys & Legal Services
- Bankruptcy
- Civil Procedure & Administrative Law
- Civil Rights
- Consumer
- Criminal
- Disability
- Economic Development
- Education
- Elections
- Employment
- Environmental Justice
- Evidence
- Family Law
- Food Programs
- Government and Governmental Services
- Guardianship & Conservatorship
- Health
- Housing
- Immigration
- Juveniles
- License (Auto & Others)
- Mental Health
- Migrants
- Native Americans
- Other
- Prisons
- Public Utilities & Energy
- Rural Issues
- Senior Citizens
- Social Security & SSI
- Taxation
- Torts
- Unemployment Compensation & Unemployment Insurance
- Veterans & Military
- Welfare
- Wills & Estates
- Workforce Development
Solomon v. Interior Reg'l Hous. Auth.
313 F.3d 1194 (9th Cir. 2002) ; Clearinghouse Number: 55077
Description
Ninth Circuit Finds No Private Right of Action to Enforce Indian Hiring Preferences Under Federal Grants to Indian Organizations
Abstract
The Ninth Circuit held that Indian hiring preference requirements
for federal grants to Indian organizations did not create a private
right of action for a Native Alaskan who applied unsuccessfully for
a job with defendant Native Alaskan regional housing authority. 25
U.S.C. § 450e(b) requires that Indians be given preference in
employment and training opportunities connected with grants to
Indian organizations or for the benefit of Indians. Plaintiff, a
Native Alaskan, twice applied for jobs with defendant, a block
grant recipient under the Native American Housing Assistance and
Self-Determination Act. When defendant hired a non-Indian instead
of plaintiff, plaintiff alleged that defendant’s choice
violated 25 U.S.C. § 450e. The trial court found that
plaintiff had no private right of action under Section 450e, and
the Ninth Circuit upheld the trial court’s summary judgment
for defendant. The Ninth Circuit was undecided as to whether
Section 450e(b) was enacted for the benefit of Indians individually
or collectively. The Ninth Circuit found that the statute’s
legislative intent was to allow Indian people and tribes greater
freedom in self-governance, not to confer rights on individual
Indians. Since many of the grants subject to the statute’s
preference would be Indian organizations, subjecting these
organizations to individual actions for damages for decisions to
hire non-Indians would undermine the organizations’ autonomy
and conflict with the purpose of promoting tribal self-governance.
The Ninth Circuit held that a federal remedy for violation of the
statute was inappropriate because enforcement should be left to the
tribes. A person aggrieved by a grant recipient’s violation
of the hiring preferences could pursue remedies administratively or
under the terms of the grant contract, the Ninth Circuit said.
