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Gilligan v. Department of Labor
94-36070 (9th Cir. Apr. 10, 1996) ; Clearinghouse Number: 51123
Description
Hiring Official Who Is Consistent with Affirmative Action Plan Without Relying On It Does Not Violate Title VII
Abstract
The Ninth Circuit has held that defendant' employer's
consideration of gender in its decision not to promote plaintiff, a
white male, was legal. Plaintiff, a compliance specialist at the
Department of Labor, applied for a promotion to assistant district
director. He was not selected as one of three finalists (one man
and two women). Asserting that he had been denied promotion on the
basis of his gender, he brought this Title VII action. Employer
maintained that its hiring decision had been made entirely on merit
and without any reference to the applicants' gender. However,
one of employer's assistant directors testified at trial that
he had been instructed that "the only thing that would be
acceptable upstairs would be the selection of a female
manager." The district court held that, although gender played
a role in employer's hiring decision, that decision was
consistent with employer's affirmative action plan and did not
violate Title VII. On appeal, pointing to employer's assertion
that gender had not been a factor, plaintiff argued that, because
employer had not relied upon its affirmative action plan in its
hiring decision, any preference given to women was outside of the
plan and thus in violation of Title VII. The court of appeals held
that, in an institutional setting, whether hiring officials
actually relied upon the organization's affirmative action plan
was not necessarily determinative as long as they acted
consistently with it. Noting that the focus must be on the hiring
decision itself, the court found that a hiring official who was
consistent with an affirmative action plan was indistinguishable
from one who relied upon it.
